{"id":5768,"global_id":"dewabp.com\/tr?id=5768","global_id_lineage":["dewabp.com\/tr?id=5768"],"author":"4","status":"publish","date":"2026-03-23 12:26:51","date_utc":"2026-03-23 12:26:51","modified":"2026-03-23 12:33:12","modified_utc":"2026-03-23 12:33:12","url":"https:\/\/dewabp.com\/tr\/takvim\/dersim-tertelesinin-1937-baslamasi\/","rest_url":"https:\/\/dewabp.com\/tr\/wp-json\/tribe\/events\/v1\/events\/5768","title":"Dersim Tertelesinin (1937) Ba\u015flamas\u0131","description":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Dersim Tertelesi<\/b>, 1937-1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Tunceli (eski ad\u0131yla Dersim) b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan asker\u00ee harek\u00e2t\u0131, sonras\u0131ndaki kitlesel \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri ifade etmek i\u00e7in b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan terimdir. Zazaca bir kelime olan “Tertele”<\/b>, b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131k\u0131m, k\u0131r\u0131m veya alt\u00fcst olu\u015f anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Bu trajik olaylar\u0131 \u015fu ana ba\u015fl\u0131klarla \u00f6zetleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n

1. Nedenleri ve Arka Plan<\/h5>\n

Cumhuriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda devlet, merkezi otoriteyi t\u00fcm \u00fclkede hakim k\u0131lmak istiyordu. Dersim, co\u011frafi yap\u0131s\u0131 ve a\u015firet sistemi nedeniyle devletin denetimine girmekte zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. 1935 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Tunceli Kanunu<\/b> ve b\u00f6lgeye bir “Umumi M\u00fcfetti\u015f” atanmas\u0131, gerilimi t\u0131rmand\u0131rd\u0131. Devlet bu s\u00fcreci “asayi\u015fi sa\u011flama ve modernle\u015fme” olarak tan\u0131mlarken, b\u00f6lgedeki a\u015firetler bunu \u00f6zerkliklerine ve ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imlerine bir m\u00fcdahale olarak alg\u0131lad\u0131.<\/p>\n

2. Olaylar\u0131n Geli\u015fimi<\/h5>\n
    \n
  • Seyit R\u0131za:<\/b> Hareketin en \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcrlerinden biri olan Seyit R\u0131za, a\u015firet lideri ve inan\u00e7 \u00f6nderiydi. B\u00f6lgedeki direncin sembol\u00fc haline geldi.<\/li>\n
  • Asker\u00ee Harek\u00e2t:<\/b> 1937’de ba\u015flayan operasyonlar, 1938’de \u00e7ok daha geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 bir h\u00e2l ald\u0131. Karadan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen harekata hava sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 da e\u015flik etti. (T\u00fcrkiye’nin ilk kad\u0131n pilotu Sabiha G\u00f6k\u00e7en de bu harekatta g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/li>\n
  • \u0130damlar:<\/b> Seyit R\u0131za, o\u011flu ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 15 Kas\u0131m 1937’de Elaz\u0131\u011f Bu\u011fday Meydan\u0131’nda idam edildi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3. Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u0130nsani Boyut<\/h5>\n
      \n
    • Can Kay\u0131plar\u0131:<\/b> Resmi verilere g\u00f6re 13 binden fazla ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015f, ancak \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklar ve tan\u0131kl\u0131klar bu say\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu ifade etmektedir.<\/li>\n
    • S\u00fcrg\u00fcnler:<\/b> Harekat\u0131n ard\u0131ndan binlerce ki\u015fi Bat\u0131 Anadolu’daki \u00e7e\u015fitli illere zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7e (iskan) tabi tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n
    • Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar:<\/b> Ailelerinden kopar\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funun subay ailelerine evlatl\u0131k verilmesi, bu trajedinin en \u00e7ok konu\u015fulan ve ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan y\u00f6nlerinden biri olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      4. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Anlam\u0131<\/h5>\n

      2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda d\u00f6nemin Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, devlet ad\u0131na bu olaylar i\u00e7in resmi bir \u00f6z\u00fcr<\/b> dilemi\u015ftir. Dersim Tertelesi, bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye’nin toplumsal haf\u0131zas\u0131nda hala tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve \u00fczerinde akademik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc en sanc\u0131l\u0131 konulardan biridir.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Dersim Tertelesi\u2019nin toplumsal haf\u0131zadaki yeri, sadece tarih kitaplar\u0131ndaki rakamlarla de\u011fil, nesilden nesile aktar\u0131lan ac\u0131 dolu tan\u0131kl\u0131klar ve sanat eserleriyle \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. Bu derin mevzuyu \u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 kolda inceleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n

      1. Tan\u0131kl\u0131klar ve “Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar”<\/h5>\n

      Bu d\u00f6nemin en sars\u0131c\u0131 insani boyutu, harekat s\u0131ras\u0131nda ailelerini kaybeden veya ailelerinden kopar\u0131lan k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Beyaz Da\u011f’\u0131n \u00c7ocuklar\u0131:<\/b> Bir\u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131z, b\u00f6lgede g\u00f6rev yapan subaylara evlatl\u0131k verilmi\u015f; ger\u00e7ek kimliklerini, dillerini ve k\u00f6kenlerini y\u0131llar sonra \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015flerdir.<\/li>\n
      • S\u00f6zl\u00fc Tarih:<\/b> Nezahat ve Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan \u00e7iftinin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130ki Tutam Sa\u00e7: Dersim’in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131”<\/i> belgeseli, bu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n y\u0131llar sonraki aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 travmay\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131plakl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        2. A\u011f\u0131tlar ve T\u00fcrk\u00fcler<\/h5>\n

        B\u00f6lge halk\u0131, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131da d\u00f6kemese de tellere ve dillere d\u00f6km\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. K\u0131rmancki (Zazaca) ve Kurmanci dillerinde yak\u0131lan a\u011f\u0131tlar, ya\u015fananlar\u0131n en canl\u0131 kan\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • “Dersim D\u00f6rt Da\u011f \u0130\u00e7inde”:<\/b> En bilinen t\u00fcrk\u00fclerden biridir. B\u00f6lgenin ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00e7aresizli\u011fini anlat\u0131r.<\/li>\n
        • Seyit R\u0131za A\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131:<\/b> \u0130dam edilen Seyit R\u0131za ve o\u011flu i\u00e7in yak\u0131lan onlarca farkl\u0131 a\u011f\u0131t, halk ozanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu eserlerde genellikle “ma\u011faralara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan insanlar”, “Munzur suyunun kan akmas\u0131” ve “ayr\u0131l\u0131k” temalar\u0131 i\u015flenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          3. Edebiyat ve Sanat\u0131n Dili<\/h5>\n

          Ya\u015fanan trajedi, T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda da yank\u0131 bulmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Erba\u015f:<\/b> \u015eiirlerinde bu d\u00f6nemin b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 derin s\u0131z\u0131y\u0131 i\u015fleyen \u015fairlerdendir.<\/li>\n
          • Haydar Karata\u015f:<\/b> “Perperik-a S\u00f6e”<\/i> (Gece Kelebe\u011fi) gibi romanlar\u0131yla, o d\u00f6nemin atmosferini ve insanlar\u0131n do\u011fayla olan ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l koptu\u011funu edebi bir dille anlat\u0131r.<\/li>\n
          • Sinema:<\/b> “Son S\u00fcrg\u00fcn”<\/i>, “Babam S\u0131n\u0131fta Kald\u0131”<\/i> (k\u0131sa film) gibi yap\u0131mlar, toplumsal bellek \u00fczerindeki s\u00fcrg\u00fcn ve asimilasyon etkilerini i\u015fler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            4. Tarihsel Belgeler: “Ma\u011faralara Gaz At\u0131lmas\u0131”<\/h5>\n

            Y\u0131llar sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan baz\u0131 askeri raporlarda ve d\u00f6nemin harekat planlar\u0131nda, sarp kayal\u0131klara ve ma\u011faralara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan sivil halka y\u00f6nelik “zehirli gaz” kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 ancak ciddi veriler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, konunun askeri stratejiden ziyade insani bir felaket olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesine yol a\u00e7an en kritik noktalardan biridir.<\/p>\n

            Dersim Tertelesi, bug\u00fcn hala “y\u00fczle\u015fme”<\/b> kavram\u0131 etraf\u0131nda konu\u015fulan, T\u00fcrkiye’nin en karma\u015f\u0131k ve hassas haf\u0131za alanlar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>","excerpt":"","slug":"dersim-tertelesinin-1937-baslamasi","image":false,"all_day":true,"start_date":"2026-05-04 00:00:00","start_date_details":{"year":"2026","month":"05","day":"04","hour":"00","minutes":"00","seconds":"00"},"end_date":"2026-05-04 23:59:59","end_date_details":{"year":"2026","month":"05","day":"04","hour":"23","minutes":"59","seconds":"59"},"utc_start_date":"2026-05-04 00:00:00","utc_start_date_details":{"year":"2026","month":"05","day":"04","hour":"00","minutes":"00","seconds":"00"},"utc_end_date":"2026-05-04 23:59:59","utc_end_date_details":{"year":"2026","month":"05","day":"04","hour":"23","minutes":"59","seconds":"59"},"timezone":"UTC+0","timezone_abbr":"UTC+0","cost":"","cost_details":{"currency_symbol":"\u20ac","currency_code":"EUR","currency_position":"prefix","values":[]},"website":"","show_map":true,"show_map_link":true,"hide_from_listings":false,"sticky":false,"featured":false,"categories":[],"tags":[],"venue":[],"organizer":[],"custom_fields":[],"json_ld":{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Event","name":"Dersim Tertelesinin (1937) Ba\u015flamas\u0131","description":"<p>Dersim Tertelesi, 1937-1938 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Tunceli (eski ad\u0131yla Dersim) b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fanan asker\u00ee harek\u00e2t\u0131, sonras\u0131ndaki kitlesel \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcnleri ifade etmek i\u00e7in b\u00f6lge halk\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan terimdir. Zazaca bir kelime olan […]<\/p>\\n","url":"https:\/\/dewabp.com\/tr\/takvim\/dersim-tertelesinin-1937-baslamasi\/","eventAttendanceMode":"https:\/\/schema.org\/OfflineEventAttendanceMode","eventStatus":"https:\/\/schema.org\/EventScheduled","startDate":"2026-05-04T00:00:00+00:00","endDate":"2026-05-04T23:59:59+00:00","performer":"Organization"}}